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pdf2025 LOCAL FOOD MARKETING PRACTICES SURVEY
OMB No. 0535-0259
Approval Expires: xx/xx/20xx
Project Code: 683
Survey ID: 3835
United States
Department of
Agriculture
NATIONAL
AGRICULTURAL
STATISTICS
SERVICE
USDA/NASS
National Operations Division
9700 Page Avenue, Suite 400
St. Louis, MO 63132-1547
Phone: 1-888-424-7828
Fax: 1-855-415-3687
Email: sm.nass.nod.fpg@usda.gov
Please make corrections to name, address, and ZIP Code, if necessary.
The information you provide will be used for statistical purposes only. Your responses will be kept confidential and any person who willfully discloses ANY
identifiable information about you or your operation is subject to a jail term, a fine, or both. This survey is conducted in accordance with the Confidential
Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018, Title III of Pub. L. No. 115-435, codified in 44 U.S.C. Ch. 35 and other applicable Federal laws.
For more information on how we protect your information please visit: https://www.nass.usda.gov/confidentiality. Response to this inquiry is required by
law.
According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of
information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB number is 0535-0259. The time required to complete this information collection is
estimated to average 60 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the
data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
1. In 2025, did this operation (name on label) –
· grow any crops, including field crops, fruit, vegetables, nursery/greenhouse, or other specialty crops; or
· cut any hay; or
· have any livestock, aquaculture, poultry, or honey bees?
0300
Yes - Continue
1
3
No - Go to Section 10
2. During 2025, did this operation produce and sell any crops, livestock, poultry, or agricultural products directly to –
a. consumers (individuals who purchased your products from farmers markets, on-farm stores or farm stands,
roadside stands or roadside stores, CSAs [Community Supported Agriculture], online marketplaces, etc.)?
0310
1
Yes
3
No
b. retail markets (supermarkets, supercenters, restaurants, caterers, independently owned grocery stores, food
cooperatives, etc.)?
0311
1
Yes
3
No
c. institutions (K-12 schools, colleges or universities, hospitals, workplace cafeterias, prisons, foodbanks, etc.)?
0312
1
Yes
3
No
d. intermediate markets (businesses or organizations in the middle of the supply chain marketing locally- and/or
regionally-branded products, such as distributors, food hubs, brokers, auction houses, wholesale and terminal
markets, food processors, etc.)?
0313
1
Yes
3
No
3. Did you answer YES to ANY of the questions in item 2 (2a - 2d)?
0301
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 10
2
4. Were any of the products that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers, retail markets, institutions, or
intermediate markets in 2025 food for humans to eat or drink?
INCLUDE processed food products (also known as value-added food products) produced by this operation.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
0302
1
Yes - Continue
No - Go to Section 10
3
Section 1 – Direct-to-Consumer Sales
1. During 2025, did this operation produce and sell any crops, livestock, poultry, or agricultural products DIRECTLY TO
CONSUMERS?
INCLUDE
· farmers markets
· on-farm stores or farm stands located on this operation
· roadside stands or roadside stores located off of this operation
· CSAs (Community Supported Agriculture)
· online marketplaces
· other direct-to-consumer markets (pick-your-own, mobile market, etc.)
EXCLUDE
· products purchased and resold
· products produced and sold directly to retail markets (Section 2), institutions (Section 3), or intermediate markets (Section 4)
1150
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 2
2. Were any of the products that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025 food for humans to eat
or drink?
INCLUDE processed food products (also known as value-added food products) produced by this operation.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
1151
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 2
3. The rest of the questions in this section are about the food produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025.
4. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025 sold through a farmers
market?
1152
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 7
Number
1153
5. At how many separate farmers market locations did this operation sell food that it produced in 2025?
Report each location only once.......................................................................................................................
Miles
6. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the farmers market from
which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?....................................................................
1154
3
7. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025
sold through an on-farm store or farm stand located on this operation?
EXCLUDE roadside stands or roadside stores located off of this operation.
1156
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 10
8. In 2025, was there food sold at this on-farm store or farm stand that was produced by another operation?
1157
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 10
9. How many other operations produced food that was sold at this on-farm store or farm stand in 2025?
1158
1
1-4 operations
2
5 or more operations
3
Don't know
10. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025
sold through a roadside stand or roadside store NOT located on this operation?
EXCLUDE on-farm stores or farm stands, and farmers market stands.
1159
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 16
Number
11. At how many total roadside stands or roadside stores NOT located on this operation did this operation 1160
sell food that it produced in 2025?..................................................................................................................
12. In 2025, was there food sold at these roadside stands or roadside stores that was produced by another operation?
1163
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 14
13. How many other operations produced food that was sold at these roadside stands or roadside stores in 2025?
1162
1
1-4 operations
2
5 or more operations
3
Don't know
14. Did this operation own any of these roadside stands or roadside stores?
1250
1
Yes
3
No
Miles
1161
15. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the roadside stand or
roadside store located off of this operation from which it received the largest gross value of food sales
in 2025?..........................................................................................................................................................
4
16. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025 sold through a CSA
(Community Supported Agriculture)?
1165
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 22
17. In 2025, was there food sold in this CSA that was produced by another operation?
1164
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 19
18. How many other operations produced food that was sold in this CSA in 2025?
1167
1
1-4 operations
2
5 or more operations
3
Don't know
19. Was the CSA pick-up site from which this operation received the largest gross value of sales in 2025 located on this
operation?
1168
1
Yes - Go to item 21
3
No - Continue
4
CSA does not use pick-up sites - Go to item 21
Miles
1169
20. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the CSA pick-up site from
which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?....................................................................
21. Did this operation own this CSA?
1166
1
Yes
3
No
22. An online marketplace is a web-based platform designed for selling goods and processing financial transactions.
Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers in 2025 sold through an online
marketplace?
1172
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 26
Percent
23. In 2025, what was the percentage of this operation's online sales of food sold directly to consumers
living within the same state as, or within a 400-mile radius of, this operation?...............................................
1173
%
24. Did this operation own this online marketplace?
1174
1
Yes
3
No
Year (YYYY)
1171
25. In what year did this operation first produce and sell food directly to an online marketplace?........................ __ __ __ __
5
26. In 2025, did this operation accept Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits either with electronic
benefit transfer (EBT) technology owned by this operation, or at a direct-to-consumer market that administers SNAP
payments with EBT technology?
1175
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 28
27. In 2025, from which of the following direct-to-consumer markets did this operation accept SNAP benefits with EBT
technology? Mark all that apply.
1310
Farmers markets
1311
On-farm stores or farm stands located on this operation
1312
Roadside stands or roadside stores located off of this operation
1313
CSAs
1314
Online marketplaces
1315
Other direct-to-consumer markets (pick-your-own, mobile markets, etc.)
Year (YYYY)
1177
28. In what year did this operation first produce and sell food directly to consumers?........................................ __ __ __ __
29. Report the total gross value of sales this operation received for the unprocessed and processed food it produced and
sold directly to consumers in 2025. Report by the market through which the product was sold in the table below.
Processed food products (also known as value-added food products) are food products that have been altered or
packaged before being sold to the consumer. Examples include honey, canned or preserved vegetables, jam, jelly, wine,
juice, and cider.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
Direct-to-Consumer Market
Fresh Fruit and
Vegetable Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Meat, Farmed
Seafood, and Egg
Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Milk and Dairy
Product Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Other Processed
Food Product Sales
(honey, jam, etc.)
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Total
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
1178
1278
1378
1478
1878
b. On-farm stores or farm
stands located on this
operation
1180
1280
1380
1480
1880
c. Roadside stands or
roadside stores located
off of this operation
1182
1282
1382
1482
1882
1184
1284
1384
1484
1884
1186
1286
1386
1486
1886
1189
1289
1389
1489
1889
a. Farmers markets
d. CSAs
e. Online marketplaces
f. Other direct-to-consumer
markets (pick-your-own,
mobile markets, etc.)
Specify: 1188 ___________
6
Section 2 – Direct-to-Retail Market Sales
1. During 2025, did this operation produce and sell any crops, livestock, poultry, or agricultural products DIRECTLY TO
RETAIL MARKETS?
INCLUDE
· supermarkets or supercenters
· restaurants or caterers
· other direct-to-retail markets (independently owned grocery stores, food cooperatives, small food stores, corner stores, etc.)
EXCLUDE
· products purchased and resold
· products produced and sold directly to consumers (Section 1), institutions (Section 3), or intermediate markets (Section 4)
2000
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 3
2. Were any of the products that this operation produced and sold directly to retail markets in 2025 food for humans to
eat or drink?
INCLUDE processed food products (also known as value-added food products) produced by this operation.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
2001
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 3
3. The rest of the questions in this section are about the food produced and sold directly to retail markets in 2025.
4. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to retail markets in 2025
sold through a supermarket or supercenter?
2002
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 6
Miles
2003
5. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the supermarket or
supercenter from which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?........................................
6. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to retail markets in 2025
sold to a restaurant or caterer?
2005
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 8
Miles
2006
7. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the restaurant or
caterer from which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?................................................
Year (YYYY)
6009
8. In what year did this operation first produce and sell food directly to retail markets?................................... __ __ __ __
7
9. Report the total gross value of sales this operation received for the unprocessed and processed food it produced and
sold directly to retail markets in 2025. Report by the market through which the product was sold in the table below.
Processed food products (also known as value-added food products) are food products that have been altered or
packaged before being sold to the retail market. Examples include honey, canned or preserved vegetables, jam, jelly,
wine, juice, and cider.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
Direct-to-Retail Market
Fresh Fruit and
Vegetable Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
a. Supermarkets or
supercenters
b. Restaurants or caterers
c. Other direct-to-retail
markets (independently
owned grocery stores,
food cooperatives, small
food stores, corner stores,
etc.)
Specify: 6014 ___________
(Dollars)
Meat, Farmed
Seafood, and Egg
Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Milk and Dairy
Product Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Other Processed
Food Product Sales
(honey, jam, etc.)
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Total
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
6010
2101
2102
2103
2104
6012
2106
2107
2108
2109
6015
2111
2112
2113
2114
8
Section 3 – Direct-to-Institution Sales
1. During 2025, did this operation produce and sell any crops, livestock, poultry, or agricultural products DIRECTLY TO
INSTITUTIONS?
INCLUDE
· K-12 schools
· colleges and universities
· hospitals
· other direct-to-institution markets (workplace cafeterias, prisons, preschools, food banks, gleaners, senior care facilities, etc.)
EXCLUDE
· products purchased and resold
· products produced and sold directly to consumers (Section 1), retail markets (Section 2), or intermediate markets (Section 4)
3000
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 4
2. Were any of the products that this operation produced and sold directly to institutions in 2025 food for humans to eat
or drink?
INCLUDE processed food products (also known as value-added food products) produced by this operation.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
3001
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 4
3. The rest of the questions in this section are about the food produced and sold directly to institutions in 2025.
4. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to institutions in 2025 sold through a K-12 school?
3002
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 6
Miles
3003
5. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the K-12 school
from which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?............................................................
6. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to institutions in 2025
sold to a college or university?
3005
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 8
Miles
7. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the college or
university from which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?............................................
3006
8. Was any of the food that this operation produced and sold directly to institutions in 2025 sold to a hospital?
3008
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 10
Miles
9. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the hospital
from which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?............................................................
3009
9
Year (YYYY)
3011
10. In what year did this operation first produce and sell food directly to institutions?....................................... __ __ __ __
11. Report the total gross value of sales this operation received for the unprocessed and processed food it produced and
sold directly to institutions in 2025. Report by the market through which the product was sold in the table below.
Processed food products (also known as value-added food products) are food products that have been altered or
packaged before being sold to the institution. Examples include honey, canned or preserved vegetables, jam, jelly, wine,
juice, and cider.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
Direct-to-Institution Market
Fresh Fruit and
Vegetable Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
a. K-12 schools
b. Colleges and universities
c. Hospitals
d. Other direct-to-institution
markets (workplace
cafeterias, prisons,
preschools, food banks,
gleaners, senior care
facilities, etc.)
Specify: 3018 ___________
(Dollars)
Meat, Farmed
Seafood, and Egg
Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Milk and Dairy
Product Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Other Processed
Food Product Sales
(honey, jam, etc.)
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Total
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
3012
3031
3032
3033
3034
3014
3036
3037
3038
3039
3016
3041
3042
3043
3044
3019
3046
3047
3048
3049
10
Section 4 – Direct-to-Intermediate Market Sales
1. An intermediate market is a business or organization in the middle of the supply chain marketing locally- and/or
regionally-branded products.
During 2025, did this operation produce and sell any crops, livestock, poultry, or agricultural products DIRECTLY TO
INTERMEDIATE MARKETS which sold them as locally- and/or regionally-branded products?
INCLUDE businesses or organizations in the middle of the supply chain marketing locally- and/or regionally-branded products, such
as distributors, food hubs, brokers, auction houses, wholesale and terminal markets, and food processors.
EXCLUDE
· products purchased and resold
· products produced and sold directly to consumers (Section 1), retail markets (Section 2), or institutions (Section 3)
· intermediate markets that do not market locally- and/or regionally-branded products
4000
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 5
2. Were any of the products that this operation produced and sold directly to intermediate markets in 2025 food for
humans to eat or drink?
INCLUDE processed food products (also known as value-added food products) produced by this operation.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
4001
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 5
3. Report the type(s) of intermediate markets this operation sold to in 2025 and indicate if the intermediate markets sold
those products as locally- and/or regionally-branded products by marking the appropriate boxes below. Mark all
intermediate market types that apply.
Intermediate Market Type
4020
4022
4024
4026
4028
4030
4032
Distributors
Food hubs
Brokers
Auction houses
Wholesale and terminal markets
Food processors
Other, specify: 4033 ___________________
Did the intermediate market(s) sell these products
as locally- and/or regionally-branded products?
4021
4023
4025
4027
4029
4031
4034
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
1
Yes
3
No
2
Don't Know
4. The rest of the questions in this section are about the food produced and sold directly to intermediate markets in
2025.
Miles
4003
5. Approximately how many miles (one way) was this operation located from the intermediate market
from which it received the largest gross value of food sales in 2025?............................................................
Year (YYYY)
4014
6. In what year did this operation first produce and sell food directly to intermediate markets?....................... __ __ __ __
11
7. Report the total gross value of sales this operation received for the unprocessed and processed food it produced and
sold directly to intermediate markets in 2025. Report by the market through which the product was sold in the table
below.
Processed food products (also known as value-added food products) are food products that have been altered or
packaged before being sold to the intermediate market. Examples include honey, canned or preserved vegetables, jam,
jelly, wine, juice, and cider.
EXCLUDE
· non-edible products such as hay, cut flowers not intended for consumption, Christmas trees, and nursery products
· commodities produced under production contracts
· products purchased and resold
Direct-to-Intermediate Market
Fresh Fruit and
Vegetable Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
a. Distributors
b. Food hubs
c. Brokers
d. Auction houses
e. Wholesale and terminal
markets
f. Food processors
g. Other,
specify: 4080 __________
(Dollars)
Meat, Farmed
Seafood, and Egg
Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Milk and Dairy
Product Sales
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Other Processed
Food Product Sales
(honey, jam, etc.)
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
Total
Mark
"X" if
None
(Dollars)
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
12
Section 5 – Other Information
1. In 2025, what was this operation's total gross value of food sales for the food it produced and sold directly to consumers,
retail markets, institutions, or intermediate markets? Mark one.
5000
1
$1 - 999
5
$10,000 - 24,999
8
$100,000 - 249,999
11
$1,000,000 - 2,499,999
2
$1,000 - 2,499
6
$25,000 - 49,999
9
$250,000 - 499,999
12
$2,500,000 - 4,999,999
3
$2,500 - 4,999
7
$50,000 - 99,999
10
$500,000 - 999,999
13
$5,000,000 and over
4
$5,000 - 9,999
2. In 2025, approximately what percent of this operation's food sales were from food sold directly to consumers, retail
markets, institutions, or intermediate markets within the following distance from the operation?
Percent
5001
%
a. 100 miles or less.....................................................................................................................................
5002
%
b. More than 100 miles but less than 400 miles..........................................................................................
+
5003
%
c. 400 miles or more...................................................................................................................................
+
TOTAL (sum of items 2a + 2b + 2c)
100%
3. Were any of the crops, livestock, or agricultural products that this operation produced and sold directly to consumers,
retail markets, institutions, or intermediate markets in 2025 NOT food for humans to eat or drink?
INCLUDE
· hay
· cut flowers not intended for consumption
· Christmas trees
· nursery products
· live animals
· wool
EXCLUDE edible agricultural products for human consumption.
5011
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 5
Dollars
5012
4. In 2025, what was the total gross value of sales for these crops, livestock,
$
or agricultural products that were NOT food for humans to eat or drink?..................................................
5. In 2025, how many acres did this operation –
Acres
0901
a. own?.......................................................................................................................................................
b. rent or lease FROM others or use rent free?
0902
+
EXCLUDE land used on an animal unit month (AUM) basis, BLM and Forest Service land.................................
0905
c. rent TO others?.......................................................................................................................................
0900
6. Calculate item 5a + 5b - 5c. Then the total acres operated in 2025 was................................................=
13
7. For 2025, report the (1) overall agricultural products this operation produced and sold, and (2) agricultural products this
operation specifically produced and sold for food to consumers, retail markets, institutions, and/or intermediate markets.
Crops and Livestock
a. Grains, oilseeds, dry beans, and dry peas (corn, flaxseed, grain silage and
(1)
(2)
Overall agricultural
products produced
and sold in 2025
Agricultural products
produced and sold
for food to consumers,
retail markets, institutions,
and/or intermediate
markets in 2025
5050
forage, grains and oilseeds, popcorn, rice, small grains, sorghum, soybeans,
sunflowers, straw, etc.)
b. Tobacco
c. Cotton and cottonseed
d. Vegetables, melons, potatoes, and sweet potatoes (beets, cabbage,
5053
5056
5059
cantaloupes, pumpkins, sweet corn, tomatoes, watermelons, vegetable seeds, etc.)
e. Fruit, tree nuts, and berries (almonds, apples, blueberries, cherries, grapes,
5062
hazelnuts, kiwifruit, oranges, pears, pecans, strawberries, walnuts, etc.)
f. Nursery, greenhouse, floriculture, and sod (bedding plants, bulbs, cut flowers,
h. Other crops, hay, CRP, and pasture (grass seed, hay and grass silage, hops,
5068
5071
maple syrup, mint, peanuts, sugarcane, sugarbeets, CRP, etc.)
i. Hogs and pigs
j. Milk and other dairy products from cows
k. Cattle and calves (beef and dairy cattle for breeding stock, fed cattle, beef and
5074
5077
5080
dairy cull animals, stockers and feeders, veal calves, etc.)
l. Sheep, goats, and their products
m. Horses, ponies, and mules (burros and donkeys)
n. Poultry and eggs (broilers, chickens, turkeys, ducks, eggs, emus, geese,
5083
5086
5089
hatchlings, ostriches, pigeons, pheasants, quail, poultry products, etc.)
o. Aquaculture (catfish, trout, ornamental and other fish, mollusks, crustaceans, etc.)
p. Other animals and other animal products (bees, honey, rabbits, fur-bearing
animals, other animal specialties, etc.)
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
5065
flower seeds, foliage plants, mushrooms, nursery potted plants, shrubbery, sod, food
crops grown under protection, etc.)
g. Cut Christmas trees and short rotation woody crops
5052
1
5092
5095
5061
5064
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
5067
5073
5076
5079
5082
5085
5091
5094
5097
14
8. Please classify this operation in terms of the gross value of sales and government agricultural payments in 2025.
INCLUDE
· sales of all crops, livestock, poultry, and livestock products (milk, eggs, etc.) sold in 2025
· the value of hay, silage, and other crops harvested in 2025, but not sold
· the value of all crops, livestock, and poultry produced under contract in 2025
· landlord’s share of government payments and crops sold in 2025
EXCLUDE dollars received on land rented to others.
0860
1
$0 - $999
2
$1,000 - $9,999
3
$10,000 - $49,999
4
$50,000 - $99,999
5
$100,000 - $249,999
6
$250,000 - $499,999
7
$500,000 - $999,999
8
$1,000,000 - $4,999,999
9
$5,000,000 and over
Dollars
1936
$
9. What were this operation's total expenses in 2025?.......................................................................................
10. Report marketing expenses paid by this operation in 2025 for the food produced and sold directly to consumers, retail
markets, institutions, and/or intermediate markets in 2025. Expenses reported in items 10a through 10f should have also
been reported in item 9.
INCLUDE
· expenses paid by you and your landlords
· expenses from processed and value-added products
EXCLUDE
· expenses not related to the farm business
· any expenses paid by the contractor
· expenses for food not produced and sold directly to consumers, retail markets, institutions, or intermediate markets
Marketing Expenses for Food Produced and Sold Directly
to Consumers, Retail Markets, Institutions, or Intermediate Markets in 2025
Mark "X"
if None
Total Marketing Expenses in 2025
a.
Hired labor to work at market channel outlets
b.
Transportation and distribution costs to market channel outlets (vehicle insurance, gas,
depreciation costs, etc.)
c.
Market promotion/advertisement expenses (website, brochures, etc.)
d.
Equipment/supply expenses associated with market channel outlets (boxes, bags, coolers, crates,
scales, tables, etc.)
e.
Food safety expenses (compliance costs, training, third-party auditing costs, etc.)
f.
Other marketing expenses (market fees, licenses, insurance, etc.)
Specify: 6105 _________________________________________________________________
Sum of items 10a through 10f (should equal Total Marketing Expenses in 2025)
Expenses
(Dollars)
6120
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6106
6107
15
Section 6 – Practices
1. At any time during 2025, did this operation have Internet access, either on the operation or at the principal producer's
residence?
5013
1
Yes
3
No
2. In 2025, did this operation use the Internet to do any of the following?
a. Purchase input supplies, commodities, equipment, and other materials for farm
operation........................................................................................................................................
5014 1
Yes
3
No
b. Use online and/or peer learning resources (live or recorded webinars, tutorials, peer
user groups, etc.)...........................................................................................................................
5015 1
Yes
3
No
c. Use online business products and services (business planning, accounting, legal,
banking, etc.).................................................................................................................................
5016 1
Yes
3
No
d. Identify sources and/or submit requests or proposals for funding, grants, or subsidies.................
5017 1
Yes
3
No
e. Access USDA Market News price and market information............................................................
5018 1
Yes
3
No
f.
Yes
3
No
a. provide background/history on farm operation or practices?.........................................................
5020 1
Yes
3
No
b. advertise products for sale or on-farm activities/services?............................................................
5021
1
Yes
3
No
c. carry out transactions or sell farm products online?......................................................................
5022
1
Yes
3
No
a. information about the farm to consumers?....................................................................................
5140
1
Yes
3
No
b. market channels where consumers can buy its products?............................................................
5141
1
Yes
3
No
Access price and market information from other sources..............................................................
5130 1
3. In 2025, did this operation have a farm business website?
5019
1
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 5
4. In 2025, did this operation use its farm business website to –
5. In 2025, did this operation use social media to provide –
16
6. Did this operation participate in the following programs in 2025?
a. Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program............................................................................
5023
1
Yes
3
No
b. Farm Loan programs.....................................................................................................................
5024 1
Yes
3
No
c. Whole-Farm Revenue Protection Program....................................................................................
5025 1
Yes
3
No
d. Federal crop insurance, other than Whole-Farm Revenue Protection...........................................
5142 1
Yes
3
No
e. Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)........................................................................
5026 1
Yes
3
No
f.
Value-Added Producer Grant Program..........................................................................................
5027 1
Yes
3
No
g. Other, specify: 5143 ____________________________________................................................
5144 1
Yes
3
No
a. Balance sheet................................................................................................................................
5037 1
Yes
3
No
b. Income statement..........................................................................................................................
5038 1
Yes
3
No
c. Cash flow budget or projection......................................................................................................
5039 1
Yes
3
No
d. Written business plan....................................................................................................................
5040
1
Yes
3
No
e. Separate marketing plan...............................................................................................................
5041
1
Yes
3
No
7. In 2025, did this operation maintain the following farm management records?
8. Was this operation a member of a cooperative in 2025?
5042
1
Yes
3
No
9. In 2025, did this operation perform any agritourism activities (pick your own, event hosting, dining/tasting, overnight
lodging, etc.) featuring products produced by this operation?
5145
1
Yes
3
No
17
Section 7 – Third-Party Certification and Food Safety
1. In 2025, did this operation have the following practices certified or verified by a third party?
a. USDA Certified Organic.................................................................................................................
7100 1
Yes
3
No
b. Pasture-based management (grass fed, free range, pasture raised)............................................
7101
1
Yes
3
No
c. Animal care-based management (cage free, raised without antibiotics,
animal welfare approved, certified humane)..................................................................................
7102 1
Yes
3
No
d. Naturally Grown Certified...............................................................................................................
7103 1
Yes
3
No
e. Other USDA labels/quality verification...........................................................................................
7112
1
Yes
3
No
Yes
3
No
1
Yes
3
No
Specify: 7116 ___________________________________________............................................
7111
1
Yes
3
No
f.
Local or regional product origin third party certified or verified practices,
excluding food safety certification.
Specify: 7115 ____________________________________..........................................................
7104 1
2. Did this operation have a food safety plan that covered produce in 2025?
INCLUDE
· fruit
· berries
· vegetables
· herbs
· tree nuts
7001
1
·
·
·
·
·
dry beans
peas and lentils
peanuts
sprouts
mushrooms
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to item 4
3
No
3. Is the food safety plan written?
7002
1
Yes
4. Did this operation have a third-party food safety audit of produce in 2025?
INCLUDE
· fruit
· berries
· vegetables
· herbs
· tree nuts
7003
1
·
·
·
·
·
dry beans
peas and lentils
peanuts
sprouts
mushrooms
Yes - Continue
3
No - Go to Section 8
5. In 2025, did this operation receive –
a. USDA individual Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) certification?................................................
7110
b. other third party Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) certification?
18
Section 8 – Personal Characteristics
1. In 2025, did your household and extended family own more than 50% of this farming operation?
Select YES if more than 50% of the assets of this operation are owned by you (the principal operator), members of your
household, and/or other persons related to you by blood, marriage, or adoption, including relatives not residing in your
household. Consider only farm or ranch assets owned - not rented or leased - by this operation, and exclude the assets
held by non-family landlords and contractors.
1600
1
Yes
No
3
2. In 2025, how many men and women were involved in decisions for this operation?
Men
Women
INCLUDE family members and hired managers.
EXCLUDE hired workers unless they were a hired manager or family member.................................
1571
1574
3. Answer the following questions for up to four individuals who were involved in the decisions for this operation as of
December 31, 2025.
Person 1
a. Sex
b. Age on 12/31/25
c. Race and/or Ethnicity
1926
1
Male
2
Person 2
Female
1925
1586
1
_______ age
2701
White
Select all that apply
Hispanic or Latino
For example, English, German, Irish, Italian,
Polish, Scottish, etc.
Hispanic or Latino
1587
Black or African American
For example, Mexican, Puerto Rican,Salvadoran, Cuban,
Dominican, Guatemalan, etc.
Black or African American
1802
For example, African American, Jamaican, Haitian,
Nigerian, Ethiopian, Somali, etc.
2705
Asian
For example, African American, Jamaican, Haitian,
Nigerian, Ethiopian, Somali, etc.
Asian
1805
For example, Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino,
Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, etc.
2703
American Indian or Alaska Native
For example, Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino,
Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, etc.
American Indian or Alaska Native
1803
For example, Navajo Nation, Blackfeet Tribe of the
Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, Native Village
of Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government, Nome Eskimo
Community, Aztec, Maya, etc.
2437
Middle Eastern or North African
For example, Navajo Nation, Blackfeet Tribe of the
Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, Native Village
of Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government, Nome Eskimo
Community, Aztec, Maya, etc.
Middle Eastern or North African
2438
For example, Lebanese, Iranian, Egyptian,
Syrian, Iraqi, Israeli, etc.
2704
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
For example, Lebanese, Iranian, Egyptian,
Syrian, Iraqi, Israeli, etc.
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
1804
For example, Native Hawaiian, Samoan, Chamorro,
Tongan, Fijian, Marshallese, etc.
d. At which occupation
did this person
spend the majority
(50% or more) of
his/her work time in
2025?
e. Year this person
begin operating ANY
farm operation
f. Has this person
ever served on
active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces,
Reserves, or
National Guard?
For example, Native Hawaiian, Samoan, Chamorro,
Tongan, Fijian, Marshallese, etc.
Mark one.
1928
Mark one.
1580 1
1
Farm or ranch work
2
Work other than farming or ranching
2834
2
Farm or ranch work
Work other than farming or ranching
1851
__ __ __ __
__ __ __ __
(YYYY)
Mark one.
1633
Female
White
1801
For example, Mexican, Puerto Rican,Salvadoran, Cuban,
Dominican, Guatemalan, etc.
2702
2
_______ age
For example, English, German, Irish, Italian,
Polish, Scottish, etc.
1927
Male
1585
(YYYY)
Mark one.
1634 1
1
Never served in the military
Never served in the military
2
Only on active duty for training
in the Reserves or National Guard
2
Only on active duty for training
in the Reservesor National Guard
3
Now on active duty
3
Now on active duty
4
On active duty in the past, but not now
4
On active duty in the past, but not now
19
Person 3
a. Sex
b. Age on 12/31/25
c. Race and/or Ethnicity
1597
1
Male
Person 4
Female
2
1596
1614
1
White
Select all that apply
1616
White
Hispanic or Latino
For example, English, German, Irish, Italian,
Polish, Scottish, etc.
1622
Hispanic or Latino
For example, Mexican, Puerto Rican,Salvadoran,
Cuban, Dominican, Guatemalan, etc.
1902
Black or African American
For example, Mexican, Puerto Rican,Salvadoran,
Cuban, Dominican, Guatemalan, etc.
1617
Black or African American
For example, African American, Jamaican, Haitian,
Nigerian, Ethiopian, Somali, etc.
1905
Asian
For example, African American, Jamaican, Haitian,
Nigerian, Ethiopian, Somali, etc.
1620
Asian
For example, Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino,
Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, etc.
1903
American Indian or Alaska Native
For example, Chinese, Asian Indian, Filipino,
Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, etc.
1618
American Indian or Alaska Native
For example, Navajo Nation, Blackfeet Tribe of the
Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, Native Village
of Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government, Nome Eskimo
Community, Aztec, Maya, etc.
2440
Middle Eastern or North African
For example, Navajo Nation, Blackfeet Tribe of the
Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana, Native Village
of Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government, Nome Eskimo
Community, Aztec, Maya, etc.
2441
Middle Eastern or North African
For example, Lebanese, Iranian, Egyptian,
Syrian, Iraqi, Israeli, etc.
1904
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
For example, Lebanese, Iranian, Egyptian,
Syrian, Iraqi, Israeli, etc.
1621
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
For example, Native Hawaiian, Samoan, Chamorro,
Tongan, Fijian, Marshallese, etc.
d. At which occupation
did this person
spend the majority
(50% or more) of
his/her work time in
2025?
e. Year this person
begin operating ANY
farm operation?
f. Has this person
ever served on
active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces,
Reserves, or
National Guard?
For example, Native Hawaiian, Samoan, Chamorro,
Tongan, Fijian, Marshallese, etc.
Mark one.
1591
Mark one.
1623
1
Farm or ranch work
2
Work other than farming or ranching
1871
1
Farm or ranch work
2
Work other than farming or ranching
1628
__ __ __ __
__ __ __ __
(YYYY)
Mark one.
1635
Female
_______ age
For example, English, German, Irish, Italian,
Polish, Scottish, etc.
1598
2
1615
_______ age
1901
Male
(YYYY)
Mark one.
1636
1
Never served in the military
1
Never served in the military
2
Only on active duty for training
in the Reserves or National Guard
2
Only on active duty for training
in the Reservesor National Guard
3
Now on active duty
3
Now on active duty
4
On active duty in the past, but not now
4
On active duty in the past, but not now
20
Section 10 – Conclusion
1. It is important that we do not have duplication on our list of farms and ranches. Is it possible the information on this form
would be reported by another operation or under another name?
1080
1088
1089
1083
Yes - Please provide the name, phone number, and address below
1
Operation Name
1081
Phone Number
1082
No - Go to item 2
3
Operator Name
Address
City
1084
Operator Email:
State
1085
Zip Code
Operator Phone:
9929
9918
check to receive
results by email
( ____ ) _______________
Operation Email (if different from above):
9937
check if
cell phone
Operation Phone (if different from above):
9936
check to receive
results by email
( ____ ) _______________
Respondent Name:
Respondent Phone (if different from above):
Date:
9912
9911
9910
( ____ ) _______________
check if
cell phone
check if
cell phone
MM
DD
YY
__ __
__ __
__ __
This completes the survey. The results will be available on the release date at nass.usda.gov/results
Thank you for your response.
OFFICE USE ONLY
Response
1-Comp
9901
2-R
3-Inac
4-Office Hold
5-R – Est
6-Inac – Est
7-Off Hold – Est
S/E Name
Respondent
1-Op/Mgr
2-Spouse
3-Acct/Bkpr
4-Partner
9-Other
9902
Mode
1-PASI (Mail)
2-PATI (Tel)
3-PAPI (Face-toFace)
6-Email
7-Fax
19-Other
Enum.
9903
9998
Eval.
9900
R. Unit Change
t
9921
9985
9989
Office Use for POID
__ __ __ - __ __ __ - __ __ __
Optional Use
9907
9908
9906
9916
| File Type | application/pdf |
| File Modified | 2025-06-05 |
| File Created | 2025-05-22 |